Reenforced floor construction



P. H. BEVIER. REENFORCED FLOOR CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATION FItED NOV.l3, 1920.

1,432,100 Patented Oct. 17, 1922.

P. H. BEViER. REENFORCED noon cousmucnou. APPLICATIDN FILED NOV.13, I920.

1,432,100. Patented Oct. 17,1922.

2 SHEET8SNEET 2.

1 .1 132 .12. .L //VV/V7DQ.

Ill.

Patented Oct. 17, 1922.

unrrsn srnrns it nines PHILIP H. BEVIER, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

BEENFORGEID FLOOR CONSTRUCTION.

Application filed November 13, 1920. Serial No. 428,878.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I,-PI-IILIP H. Bnvmn, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of New York, borough of Brooklyn, county of Kings, and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Reenforced Floor Construction, of which the following is n. specification.

This invention is e reenforced floor construction wherein hollow tiles are bonded to and interlocked with concrete material in a manner 'to utilize the compressive strength of the tile materiel and the concrete meterisl, said concrete material being in the form of intersecting ribs which are reenforced by the presence of metal rods embedded in said material at the lower chord of the composite slob.

In constructing the floor slab it is usual to position the tiles in rows, each tile being spaced relatively to other tiles, the rods are placed in the spaces between the tiles, the rods extending in one direction crossing the rods extendin in an opposite direction, and to deposit plastic or semi-plastic concrete material in the spaces between said tiles, the concrete material being temper], in place for filling the spaces at the sides and open ends of the tiles, said concrete material when set producing intersecting beams or ribs which are bonded to the tiles.

The plastic or semi-plastic concrete material is free to enter the open ends of the hollow tiles, in order to effect aninterlockinp; engagement between the ribs and the resulting concrete ribs or beams; but the extent to which said plastic concrete enters the cells or spaces of the tiles depends in a, large measure upon the consistency of said material, for obviously wet concrete is free to flow into and through the unobstructed open spaces or cells of the tiles.

The object of my invention is to control the entry of the concrete material into the spaces or cells of the tiles to a definite extent, such control being attained irrespective of the consistency of the material, whereby the concrete is precluded from pass ins: beyond predetermined limits into the cells of the tiles and u definite quantit of the material is obtained within definite imits at the previously open ends of said tiles in order to obtain, transversely to the length of each tile, a section composed partly of tile material and partly of concrete material.

In my floor slab, the end portions of each tile are embedded in the concrete niaterisl composing the ribs or beams, the concrete insteriol. entering the cells of the tiles operating to stifi'en the material of said tiles against transverse pressure.

The invention, briefly stated, i a concrete stopper positioned in such relation to the tile as to arrest within definite limits the entry of the concrete material into and within the spaces or cells of said tile. Said stopper is of such form that it produces pockets for the free entry of the concrete material into the cells of the tile, which pockets allow said concrete to hav access to the tile material so as to become bonded therewith at the sides of the tile and also interiorly thereof.

Other features and advanta. es of the invention will appear from the ollowing description taken in connection with thedrawinns, whercin Figure 1 is a plan view of a certain area of the floor construction, the concrete ribs being partly broken away to show the tiles and the rods in full lines.

Figure 2 is a vertical cross section through the slab, said view being taken in the direction of the cells through the tiles.

Figure 3 is a vertical section taken transversely through an end portion of the tile and gr portion of the concrete rib, the plane f the section being indicated by the dotted line 33 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is an end view of one form of the tile showing" the concrete stoppers in position relatively to the cells of said tile.

Figures 5 end 6 are perspective views of other forms of cellular tiles each provided with my devices for limiting the entry of the colnlcrote material into the open ends of the co s.

Figure 7 is a vertical section through the adjacent portions of two cellular tiles of the form shown in Figure (5, illustrating the manner of arresting the entry of the concrete material into the cells of said tiles.

Figure 8 is a vertical transversul section through one tile the concrete stoppers therein, and sections of the concrete material. the plane of the section being indicated by the dotted line 88 of Figure 7.

Figures 9 and 10 are perspective views of the concrete stoppers adapted for use in connection with the 6 cell tile of Figure 5 and the 9 cell tile of Figure 6, respectively.

Figures 11 and 12 are detail plan views of 52215 of Whit? 2,1- beguscdcifur un gtfiihzpfipo qwe- ,m:

13 is a plum vim-r of tbs h: used in pmuaing th s stnpp r 0 Figure 10.

Ag shown in the diiwinga, the fluor slab eunsihti 6f file's A rmis B B", and concrete $556 at G G", the general Ear-m 0f wt-duh isImoi-fi thmfl as n two my mntomod congmbian. T1125 .i an: laid a v, dug in two dimiiu smi. film bung 1n rglagion to form apnoea J: batman thaaides {ii the tam and qher 5pm at between the ends qfrtha tiles in adjmfi ruws', sea Figum L Beds B are pus'ltflnmd in the spam; a. and rods B in the m F115 W6 sems qf mds cmssim mh 9 bar at a right umgle and mid mdshaing -m the lawesr chart! ef the stub, see igum 2 and i.

Afim: 121m film and tiny Ends aimli have been Hammad, comm maize-Ia] is clapnsiiud $21 a a nail hmpegi'to uumiplcmy fill amid spam said mantaa mmrml ("amt tut" film or G C; fihnbeam (.1 when ing inamefilimefian and the beams C in m flpgmta clirecfi'wn, wlmrcby the beam; or ribs are in intecsecbmg relation to much .mhgr.

The cuneme 2111s enema the rods am; an: bcmdad to Hm i5 and in the. operntitm of filming the apncee a with nlustic, or semiplmstan, mum and a1. tagging the sum sumac! aid-animate mmrm ea:-

the 061131.121 flw tiles a: the upen ends thereof. TM 431ml m whiah eoinmrete mtariml mtars'flm tiles dm ends. mom or Inm, upm film c'unaiikncy an 4: 1a m fixture, and in use we; hummus Imha um], the-"u it is that; the wane m 1m; fluid puririan o the mixture wili flow cit-m thrmlgh the edis of flan 5135, involving waste and iuau of the mlghrial. I

A to my Invention, n'nvizsion is made fur aiming in a positive manner the entry of (Eve eonuutfl material inm the tiles, 'md fur limiting to u presmrilwd extent. the qlmntitv 0f eoneme material whi rh s allowei tr; fill the sad portions of the cells of the tilua. To these mdm I employ a. do vim, hurt-in mfiarsied to astops anvhich is Wai im, M- fl-Et pmrtaail i hin Um Lilc. anicl sioppev bei n immd 01* mmaln-uutadaa: to p o packets fur the ceptinn of some 6-1 the concrete matm'ia} and mud stapper qm'mli'irng to elm or block of? the calls 6i this (ii in order m oxcluric the umran material fmm the H31: rr tlls mrxgfi at the pocelrea Various forms of cnnsimcfiuns may be 0m 11132.6 as the stopper, but in Figures 1 2, i, .5 a d E than i-fi shawl: a practical stoppgr E for-a 6. c ll ile wiremas in Figura B. T 8 and 10 a stopper F for a 9 cell tile is iIlustrated.

The stagger E is ahmm in 1 and 15 as comprising a flat rec. a: blank B M app'mpriafie malarial, Such is shut m1, paper, or any ofimr mniaxinl to: rnrpqm, e1 qteppel bimk D rovidecl inmema-diate its and: with a, (i; when cqmpmad uf gmpm' as in Figure 11, the blank 15 or as at :5, butin C351: a sheet mini blank is used as in Fi um 12, it is pruridm} with this alut'd and Fi lines-0f mammatd the aeuring'or film of ine ther form uf pin-n1; pm flacl to incihfapts 0 4911mm of hen? mg he blank :1?! wgll d the lines on which the blank is ta he want in orflnr that tha Stopper may be fitted mnmt zk in the kiln,

Th 6 @212 tiiv; 01f Q 7 5 is um-I iad with va -hm! webs: ami web! a 'tianed interim-1y f the w'nzlls cu sab-dh'ifi flm chamhem 5min calla, am such a tile time 0f the I shown in I mru- 9, thesum fmm either 1: ugs].- blank 0:? Ihgam i1 111* the m nd hlim. slm-wn in F1 e 12-, Said stoppar E is rimmed I the material of blank D cm the 'i-nea cf wanknltsq to pnuluevthe loop and the d'xmrgin maxilla-em f .I", the 'sEub :3 being in the chafin end of the loop f. $11M swppm and with of them, are positioned fur the: mps f to embracethe e lgm qf webs 6, whereas the divu ging mmnibem f amend mum; tbs sells, s elfiuflv shown in Figures 2 and 15. Tim frim mnmi canrtmst oi the Au viii-31' fibs ti h Peta-ms the isfieppea in o a #mpmsifiml, film cl-cismd and of the: loop in mat with Web a m'rvstin the i'nwua'c movamwt. of mid Mapper wit impact to the cells of film tile. The diverging mumbers f of the stopper wteml mgzmiss the G t-H5 a an angle to the. langtdi thereof, uaid membmm f pmfluuin im g at tim ends ofihe mafia use l igum which pockets, are open for 5 rue emu of the wmmtc: material, whereby theeenmte frmu Hm film (W beams C is adapted to fill the mnknts g and to nit: with qr 13mm bonded ta the clap malaria] mi the meon thvulterior thereof so as to produce Granacrsc main, of snlid muta'l'iai cum. used pnrfly of the tile mu t-rial and .1 of concrete material, 3*! Figums 2 an 2]. his partial entry of the cane-17m man-.rai. into the celis of the tile results in the tug-muting, of keys c which are handed tr; the New and walls of Eh: 1512 an the interior thereof and w hi yye nterlnimd or definim Emits as depictu u: Figures 2 and 3, th entry of the concrete keys intu the tiiie (212- serving the important flulction of increasing the billty of the tiia tmmmmalv thereof at. th: and portion which is em d 'mand Lute-1'- lmlred with the concrete mubma] of the. ribs or beams C. V

The stopper thus performs tha import nt function of arresting the flow of the plastic material into or within the cells of the tile to an undesirable extent, while at the same time the formation of the stopper to produce the pockets enables a relatively small quantity of the concrete material to enter the tile cells and to become united with or bonded to the tile material.

The function of the slot (7 in the stopper of Figures 5 and 9 is to expose the tile material at the edge of the web e of the tile when the stopper is fitted to said web, whereby the concrete material of the beam or rib C, may unite with and become bonded to the webs as well as with the walls of the tile.

It will be noted that the loop of the stopper device is positioned into contact with one of the cross webs of the tile block, whereby said loop arrests the movement of the stopper in one direction when assembling the stopper relatively to the tile block. The act of placing the stopper into place relatively to the tile block also serves to position the inclined members within the open ends of the cells of said tile block. and in so placing the stopper in position the free ends of the inclined members are brought into frictional contact with the inner surfaces of the walls of the tile block, see Figure 2. The inclined members are at an angle to the medial line of the loop and said members are free at the other ends thereof, whereby the assemblage of the stopper relatively to the tile block not only positions the loop into engagement with the cross web of said tile block but the inclined members of said stopper are intro duced within the open ends of the cells in such manner that the free ends of said inclined members will have a desired frictional contact with the inner surfaces of the walls of the tile block. This attains a useful purpose, for the reason that the loop in engagement with the web of the tile block arrests the motion of the stopper in one direction, so as to limit the entry of the stopper into the block, whereas the frictional contact of the inclined members of the stopper with the walls of the tile block act to arrest the movement of the stopper, when it shall have been applied, in an opposite direction, and thus the stopper is so frictionally held on the tile block that it is not pushed inwardly by the pressure of the concrete material, nor can the stopper be detached accidentally when it is fitted to the open end of said tile block prior to laying said block upon the centering, as usual in the art. Those skilled in the art are aware that a narrow fin or ledge is almost invariably produced at or around the open ends of the cells in tile blocks and when my stopper is applied, the free ends of the inclined members snap into place in the rear of the tin or ledge present on said block, so that the inclined members of the stopper will be so locked in position as to preclude the withdrawal of the stopper from the open end portion of the cellular block.

The stopper F for use in connection with a 9 cell tile is modified to suit the height of said tile and the tier of cells therein, said stopper comprising loops h h, diverging members i i and an inclined member 9' connecting: the loops i: h, the stopper being bent from a blank F of Figure 13. F is somewhat longer than the blank D of Figures 11 and 1:? being scored or weakened on lines and provided with a plurality of slots k. The blank is bent on the score lines to produce the loops and the inclined members and the stopper is adapted to be used on the cross webs e of the tile by slipping the loops it It into frictional contact with the webs whereby the inclined members i '2' j extend across the cells as in Figure 7 for arresting the entry of the concrete material into the cells except to the extent permitted by the pockets which are formed by the stopper. which pockets admit concrete to a limited extent into the wells of the tiles so as to produce the keys (7 which material while in a plastic condition is free to adhere to and become bonded to the webs and walls of the tile interiorly thereof so as to produce solid sections transversely of the tile (see Figure composed partly of tile material and partly of concrete material. The slots is in the loops of the stopper F expose the edges of the webs e in the tiles to the accession of the concrete material constituting the ribs or beams C, and thus the concrete while plastic is free to bond with the tile both on the. inner and outer surfaces of said tile and at the edges of the webs of said tile.

It is apparent that the stopper may be bent easily and quickly from the preferred blanks, and that each stopper can be placed in position by unskilled labor; thus making provision for arresting the entry of the concrete into the tiles by a simple and economical expedient.

As in the construction heretofore described, the stopper includes inclined members extending at an angle to the medial lines of the loops said inclined members being: adapted for frictional engagement with the interior surfaces of the walls of the tile block or to be positioned inwardly of the fin or ledge at the open ends of the cells in said block, whereby the free ends of the inclined members have such contact with the tile block as to arrest the movement of the stopper in an outward direction relatively to the block, the loops in contact with the cross webs arresting: the movement of the stopper inwardly of the block.

Having thus fully described the invention, what I claim. as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a floor slab, the combination with Said blank 1 cellular tile, and concrete material, of a stopper proridei'l with a loop positioned .in contact with a wcl- 0? said lile said stopper being provided with members inclined to the medial line of said loop and said inclined members having their free ends in frictional contact with the interior surfaces of the walls of said cellular tile. whereby said stopper is retained in position against displacement either outwardly or inwardly with respect to said tile.

2. In a floor slab, the combination with a cellular tile, and concrete materiah of a stopper ha ring a loop in contact with a web of said tile for arresting the movement of said stopper inwarilly ol' tllt' tile ells. said stopper being proridml with a plurality of members each inclined at an angle to the medial line of the loop and each positioned within a tile cell tor the free end of said inclined member to have lii'ictional contort with the interior surface oi a wall oi Lillil tile, said inclined members extending transversely within the cell at an angle thereto and producing within an opcn end of said cell a pocket adapted to receive said concrete material.

3. In a floor slab, the combinalhm will] a cellular tile, and concrete material. of a stopper provided with a loop embracing a web of said tile. said loop haying inlermc diate the edges of the stopper a transverse, opening through which is exposed a marginal part of the web for the accession of the concrete material, said stopper being provided with a plurality of members inclined to the medial line of the loop and said members being positioned. interiorly of the cells and with the free ends oi said inclined members in contact with the interim surfaces of the tile, whereby said inclined members contacting with the tile retains the stopper against displacement outwardly with relation to the tile.

4:. In a floor slab. the combination with a cellular tilm of a stopper provided with a plurality of members unitary therewith, and positioned interiorly oi the cells of said tile, said members being inclined transversely to the longitudinal axis of the cells and the free ends of said inclined members being in frictional contact with the tile interiorly thereof whereby said stopper is rctained against displacement outwardly with respect to said tile.

5. In a, floor slab, the combination with a cellular tile. ol :1 stopper provided with a plurality of members unitary therewith and positioned within the cells of said tile for the free ends of said members to have frictional contact with the tile, each of said members being inclined from the line of contact of said free end inwardly with respect to the open end of the tile whereby the stopper as a unit is retained in position against displacement outwardly with respect to the tile and said members produce pockets at the open end of the tile for the entry of concrete material.

6. In a floor slab, the combination with a cellular tile. and concrete material, of a stopper embodying a loop and a plurality of members inclined outwardly from said loop the loop of the stopper having frictional contact with a web of the tile and said inclined members of the stopper having frictional contact at the free ends thereof with the tile interiorly thereof whereby said stopper is retained against displacement mitwardly with respect to said tile.

7. In a floor slab, a cellular tile, a stopper compressible for insertion substantially within cells of said tile, said stopper including a loop and said loop being provided intermediate the edges of the stopper with a slot said loop being engageable with a partition of the tile to expose the slot intermediate the top and bottom of said tile, and. concrete material entering the cells of the tile to the extent permitted by the stopper, said concrete material filling the slot of the stopper loop and being bonded with the partition of said tile.

8. In a device of the class described, a compressible tile stopper embodying a loop and a plurality of freely yieldable members cxtcndino in opposite directions from said loop, whereby said stopper is compressible for insertion within the cells of tile and the free ends of said members are adapted for frictional contact with the tile walls inte riorly thereof.

9. In a device of the class described, a compressible tile stopper embodying a loop and a plurality of freely yieldable members inclined relatively to the medial line oi the loop. said loop being provided with :1 slot the boundary edges of which are within the margins of the stopper.

10. In a device of the class described, a compressible tile stopper embodying a loop and a plurality of members extending in opposite directions from said loop and inclined to the medial line thereof, said members being yieldablc relatively to the loop :i nd the outer ends of said members being rec.

In testimony whereof I have hereto signed my name this 11th day of November, 1920.

PHILIP H. BEVIER. 

